Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Brachycephalidae > Genus: Ischnocnema

Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 "1861", Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., Ser. 2, 3: 239. Type species: Leiuperus verrucosus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862, by monotypy.

Leiyla Keferstein, 1868, Arch. Naturgesch., 34: 296. Type species: Leiyla guentherii Keferstein, 1868, by monotypy. Also described as new by Keferstein, 1868, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, 1868: 330. Synonymy with Hylodes sensu lato by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 198; with Eleutherodactylus by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 289-299; with Ischnocnema by Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Liyla — Cope, 1870 "1869", Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 11: 160. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Leiyla Keferstein.

Basanitia Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923, Rev. Mus. Paulista, São Paulo, 13: 851. Type species: Basanitia lactea Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923, by monotypy. Synonymy by Lynch, 1968, Copeia, 1968: 875-876. Provisional synonymy with Ischnocnema by Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2..

Phrynanodus Ahl, 1933, Zool. Anz., 104: 29. Type species: Phrynanodus nanus Ahl, 1933, by monotypy. Synonymy with Eleutherodactylus by Lynch, 1968, Copeia, 1968: 875-876. Provisional synonymy with Ischnocnema by Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

English Names

Big-headed Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 81).

Distribution

Central and southern Brazil; adjacent northern Argentina; possibly into adjacent Paraguay.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Eleutherodactylus and redelimited on the basis of molecular evidence by Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104: 10092-10097, and Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 1-182, where it had been placed by Caramaschi and Canedo, 2006, Zootaxa, 1116: 43. See comment under Brachycephalidae. Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 1-182, defined species series noted in the comments. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed the sister-taxon relationship with Brachycephalus and provided a tree of exemplar species.

Contained taxa

External Links

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.