Gracixalus Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2005
Gracixalus Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2005, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 74: 166. Type species: Philautus gracilipes Bourret, 1937, by original designation. Coined as a subgenus of Aquixalus Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2005.
Gracixalus — Li, Che, Bain, Zhao, and Zhang, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 3010. Treatment as a genus.
English Names
None noted.
Distribution
Northern (Hoang Lien Mountains in Lai Chau, Lao Cai, and Yen Bai provinces, 1500-2500 m) and central montane Vietnam as well as, presumably, in intervening Laos; adjacent extreme southern Yunnan and eastern Xizang, China; northwestern Thailand and presumably in adjacent Myanmar and Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Comment
As original concieved, Aquixalus was intentionally para/polyphyletic, with Aquixalus verrucosus and Aquixalus idiootocus being phylogenetically in a monophyletic group with Kurixalus eiffingeri and not in the group containing the remainder of Aquixalus. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 246, redelimited Aquixalus, transferring Aquixalus verrucosus and Aquixalus idiootocus into a monophyletic Kurixalus. On the basis of evidence suggested in the original publication, the nominal subgenus Gracixalus is monophyletic, while the coordinate subgenus, subgenus Aquixalus, has no obvious morphological evidence in support of its monophyly (DRF). Grosjean, Delorme, Dubois, and Ohler, 2008, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 46: 169-176, confirmed the transfer of Aquixalus verrucosus and Aquixalus idiootus into Kurixalus and provided molecular evidence for an association of Gracixalus with Aquixalus, although subsequently Li, Che, Bain, Zhao, and Zhang, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 302-312, on the basis of a larger molecular dataset, provided molecular evidence that Aquixalus (sensu stricto) should be placed within Kurixalus and that Gracixalus is phylogenetically distant from Kurixalus. The monophyly of Kurixalus as currently formed needs confirmation. See comment under Chiromantis samkosensis. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, placed Gracixalus as the sister taxon of Philautus (sensu stricto) and confirmed its monophyly, although by employing an antiquated taxonomy they obscured this result. Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao, and Nguyen, 2011, Zootaxa, 3125: 22-38, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that two major clades can be delimited, one containing Gracixalus jinxiuensis and a number of unnamed species previously confused with other species, and another clade composed of at least Gracixalus quyeti, Gracixalus gracilipes, Gracixalus supercornutus, and Gracixalus quangi.
Contained taxa
- Gracixalus carinensis (Boulenger, 1893)
- Gracixalus gracilipes (Bourret, 1937)
- Gracixalus jinxiuensis (Hu, 1978)
- Gracixalus medogensis (Ye and Hu, 1984)
- Gracixalus quangi Rowley, Dau, Nguyen, Cao, and Nguyen, 2011
- Gracixalus quyeti (Nguyen, Hendrix, Böhme, Vu, and Ziegler, 2008)
- Gracixalus supercornutus (Orlov, Ho, and Nguyen, 2004)
External Links
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