Names with citations in year 1978
- Class: Amphibia
- Order: Anura
- Family: Allophrynidae Savage, 1973
- Synonym: Allophrynidae Goin, Goin, and Zug, 1978
- Family: Alsodidae
- Family: Aromobatidae
- Family: Arthroleptidae
- Subfamily: Astylosterninae
- Genus: Astylosternus
- Species: Astylosternus fallax Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus laurenti Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus montanus Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus nganhanus Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus perreti Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus ranoides Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus rheophilus Amiet, 1978
- Synonym: Astylosternus rheophilus rheophilus Amiet, 1978
- Synonym: Astylosternus rheophilus tchabalensis Amiet, 1978
- Species: Astylosternus schioetzi Amiet, 1978
- Family: Batrachylidae
- Genus: Atelognathus Lynch, 1978
- Species: Atelognathus nitoi (Barrio, 1973)
- Synonym: Atelognathus nitoi — Lynch, 1978
- Species: Atelognathus patagonicus (Gallardo, 1962)
- Synonym: Atelognathus patagonicus — Lynch, 1978
- Species: Atelognathus praebasalticus (Cei and Roig, 1968)
- Synonym: Atelognathus praebasalticus — Lynch, 1978
- Species: Atelognathus reverberii (Cei, 1969)
- Synonym: Atelognathus reverberii — Lynch, 1978
- Species: Atelognathus solitarius (Cei, 1970)
- Synonym: Atelognathus solitarius — Lynch, 1978
- Genus: Chaltenobatrachus
- Family: Bombinatoridae
- Family: Brachycephalidae
- Family: Bufonidae
- Genus: Altiphrynoides
- Genus: Amietophrynus
- Genus: Atelopus
- Genus: Bufotes
- Species: Bufotes latastii (Boulenger, 1882)
- Synonym: Bufo latastii latastii — Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978
- Species: Bufotes oblongus (Nikolskii, 1896)
- Synonym: Bufo danatensis Pisanets, 1978
- Synonym: Bufo latastii oblongus — Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978
- Species: Bufotes pseudoraddei (Mertens, 1971)
- Synonym: Bufo latastii pseudoraddei — Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978
- Species: Bufotes turanensis (Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978)
- Synonym: Bufo viridis turanensis Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978
- Species: Bufotes zugmayeri (Eiselt and Schmidtler, 1973)
- Synonym: Bufo latastii zugmayeri — Hemmer, Schmidtler, and Böhme, 1978
- Genus: Rhinella
- Family: Calyptocephalellidae Reig, 1960
- Synonym: Calyptocephalellini — Lynch, 1978
- Family: Craugastoridae
- Subfamily: Pristimantinae
- Genus: Phrynopus
- Genus: Pristimantis
- Species: Pristimantis cosnipatae (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus cosnipatae Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis danae (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus danae Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis imitatrix (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus imitatrix Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis lindae (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus lindae Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis mendax (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus mendax Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis pharangobates (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus pharangobates Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis prolixodiscus (Lynch, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus prolixodiscus Lynch, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis rhabdolaemus (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus rhabdolaemus Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis salaputium (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus salaputium Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis scitulus (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus scitulus Duellman, 1978
- Species: Pristimantis toftae (Duellman, 1978)
- Synonym: Eleutherodactylus toftae Duellman, 1978
- Family: Dendrobatidae
- Subfamily: Colostethinae
- Genus: Ameerega
- Species: Ameerega bassleri (Melin, 1941)
- Synonym: Dendrobates bassleri — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega boliviana (Boulenger, 1902)
- Synonym: Dendrobates bolivianus — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega ingeri (Cochran and Goin, 1970)
- Synonym: Dendrobates ingeri — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega parvula (Boulenger, 1882)
- Synonym: Dendrobates parvulus — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega petersi (Silverstone, 1976)
- Synonym: Dendrobates petersi — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega picta (Bibron, 1838)
- Synonym: Dendrobates pictus — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega pulchripecta (Silverstone, 1976)
- Synonym: Dendrobates pulchripectus — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Ameerega smaragdina (Silverstone, 1976)
- Synonym: Dendrobates smaragdinus — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Genus: Epipedobates
- Species: Epipedobates anthonyi (Noble, 1921)
- Synonym: Dendrobates anthonyi — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Epipedobates boulengeri (Barbour, 1909)
- Synonym: Dendrobates boulengeri — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Epipedobates espinosai (Funkhouser, 1956)
- Synonym: Dendrobates espinosai — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Species: Epipedobates tricolor (Boulenger, 1899)
- Synonym: Dendrobates tricolor — Myers, Daly, and Malkin, 1978
- Subfamily: Dendrobatinae
- Family: Dicroglossidae
- Family: Hemiphractidae
- Family: Hylidae Rafinesque, 1815
- Synonym: Pelodryadinae — Dowling and Duellman, 1978
- Subfamily: Hylinae
- Subfamily: Pelodryadinae Günther, 1858
- Synonym: Pelodryadinae — Dowling and Duellman, 1978
- Genus: Litoria
- Species: Litoria dahlii (Boulenger, 1896)
- Synonym: Litoria dahlii — Tyler, Davies, and King, 1978
- Species: Litoria impura (Peters and Doria, 1878)
- Synonym: Litoria impura — Tyler and Davies, 1978
- Species: Litoria personata Tyler, Davies, and Martin, 1978
- Species: Litoria rheocola Liem, 1974
- Synonym: Litoria rheocola — Tyler and Davies, 1978
- Subfamily: Phyllomedusinae
- Family: Hyperoliidae
- Family: Leptodactylidae
- Subfamily: Leiuperinae
- Subfamily: Leptodactylinae
- Genus: Leptodactylus
- Species: Leptodactylus camaquara Sazima and Bokermann, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus cunicularius Sazima and Bokermann, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus elenae Heyer, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus furnarius Sazima and Bokermann, 1978
- Synonym: Leptodactylus laurae Heyer, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus jolyi Sazima and Bokermann, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus mystaceus (Spix, 1824)
- Synonym: Leptodactylus amazonicus Heyer, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus notoaktites Heyer, 1978
- Species: Leptodactylus tapiti Sazima and Bokermann, 1978
- Family: Limnodynastidae
- Family: Mantellidae
- Subfamily: Boophinae
- Genus: Boophis
- Species: Boophis erythrodactylus (Guibé, 1953)
- Synonym: Boophis erythrodactylus — Blommers-Schlösser, 1978
- Species: Boophis guibei (McCarthy, 1978)
- Synonym: Rhacophorus guibei McCarthy, 1978
- Species: Boophis laurenti Guibé, 1947
- Synonym: Rhacophorus andringitraensis — Guibé, 1978
- Species: Boophis microtympanum (Boettger, 1881)
- Synonym: Boophis boettgeri — Blommers-Schlösser, 1978
- Species: Boophis williamsi (Guibé, 1974)
- Synonym: Boophis williamsi — Blommers-Schlösser, 1978
- Subfamily: Mantellinae
- Family: Megophryidae
- Family: Micrixalidae
- Family: Microhylidae
- Family: Myobatrachidae
- Family: Ptychadenidae
- Family: Pyxicephalidae
- Family: Ranidae
- Family: Rhacophoridae
- Order: Caudata Fischer von Waldheim, 1813
- Order: Gymnophiona