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Astrophysics


Star Clusters


[more information]
The Department of Astrophysics at AMNH has an ongoing research program to study the evolution of star clusters and the nature of the stellar populations contained within star clusters. Principal researchers are Dr Jarrod Hurley and Dr Michael Shara with Dr John Ouellette (computer systems manager) and David Zurek (data collections manager) also involved. Simulations of star cluster evolution are performed on the GRAPE-6 special-purpose hardware housed at AMNH using the Aarseth NBODY4 software (with additions by Hurley and others). Current projects include:

- survival probability and parameters of planetary systems in star clusters;
- the role of metallicity in star cluster evolution;
- expected statistics of exotic stars in globular clusters and old open clusters.


Earth & Planetary Sciences


Thermodynamics of the First Rocks


[more information]
The VAPORS condensation code is the result of work by Dr. Denton Ebel in the laboratory of Dr. Lawrence Grossman at the University of Chicago, Department of Geophysical Sciences. The code computes the equilibrium thermodynamic state in a system consisting of 23 elements at the high temperatures (1200 - 2500 K) and low pressures (P TOT < 1.0) appropriate to the solar nebula. A large variety of gas molecules, and solid and liquid condensate phases are considered in the calculation of equilibrium in these systems. The processes of condensation, evaporation, and crystalization can be simulated for comparison with objects formed in the solar nebula and found in meteorites.


Tomography of Chondrites


[more information]
Using Computed Tomography (CT) and the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory, Dr. Denton Ebel produces high-resolution three dimensional visualizations of meteorites that provide unique insight into the structure and make-up of these objects.


Invertebrate Zoology


Sequence Alignment


Malign [more information]
The multiple alignment procedures implemented in MALIGN are close parallels to those used to search for minimum length cladograms. The logic and program commands will be clear to those familiar with programs such as Hennig86, NONA, and PAUP. Alignment topologies are constructed via different sequences and improved through branch swapping. Each alignment topology yields a multiple alignment and cladograms are constructed from that alignment. The cost of the most parsimonious cladogram is then assigned as the multiple alignment cost.

POY [more information]
POY is a program for phylogenetic analysis that allows the homology of genomic (nucleotides, genes and gene regions, chromosomes, whole genomes) and other data (e.g., morphology, behavior) to be evaluated dynamically by optimizing them directly onto topologies using either parsimony or maximum likelihood optimality criteria. This dynamic homology assessment leads to solutions that are generally less costly than can be attained through multiple sequence alignment followed by tree searching. A variety of heuristic algorithms have been developed for this purpose and are implemented in POY.

In addition to numerous heuristic dynamic homology algorithms, POY implements heuristic tree search strategies like branch swapping, simulated annealing, tree fusing, and ratcheting, making it an efficient tool for analyzing static matrices as well. It also permits evaluation of support (Bremer support, resampling measures) and visualization of results.

With the release of POY4 we have created a POY4 mail group for users to post questions and bugs and find information on using POY.

 


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