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OONOPIDAE SPECIES DESCRIPTION
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Escaphiella litoris       Get publication



            Male (PBI_OON 3031). Total length 1.80. CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace pale orange, without any pattern, ovoid in dorsal view, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, with rounded posterolateral corners, posterolateral edge without pits, posterior margin not bulging below posterior rim, anterolateral corners without extension or projections, posterolateral surface without spikes, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica granulate, sides granulate, thorax without depressions, fovea absent, without radiating rows of pits; lateral margin straight, rebordered, with blunt denticles; plumose setae near posterior margin of pars thoracica absent; non-marginal pars cephalica setae dark, needle-like, present, scattered; non-marginal pars thoracica setae dark, needle-like; marginal setae absent. Clypeus margin unmodified, curved downwards in front view, vertical in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by their radius or more, median projection absent; setae present, dark, needle-like. Chilum absent. Eyes six, well developed, ALE largest, ALE circular, PME squared, PLE oval; posterior eye row procurved from both above and front; ALE separated by less than their radius, ALE-PLE touching, PME touching throughout most of their length, PLE-PME touching. Sternum longer than wide, pale orange, uniform, fused to carapace, median concavity absent, with radial furrows between coxae I-II, II-III, III-IV, radial furrow opposite coxae III absent, surface finely reticulate, without pits, microsculpture covering entire surface, sickle-shaped structures absent, anterior margin with continuous transverse groove, posterior margin not extending posteriorly of coxae IV, anterior corner unmodified, lateral margin without infra-coxal grooves, distance between coxae approximately equal, extensions of pre-coxal triangles absent, lateral margins unmodified, without posterior hump, sternum furrow finely reticulate; setae sparse, dark, needle-like, densest laterally, originating from surface, without hair tufts. Mouthparts: Chelicerae, endites and labium pale orange. Chelicerae slightly divergent, anterior face unmodified, paturon with anterolateral keel and one large plumose seta on anterior and posterior face at middle of fang base. Fang with hook-shaped projection at base; without teeth on both promargin and retromargin; fangs without tooth-like projections, directed medially, shape normal, without prominent basal process, tip unmodified; setae dark, needle-like, evenly scattered; paturon inner margin with scattered setae, distal region unmodified, posterior surface unmodified, promargin unmodified, inner margin unmodified, laminate groove absent. Labium triangular, fused to sternum, anterior margin not indented at middle, same as sternum in sclerotization; with 6 or more setae on anterior margin, subdistal portion with unmodified setae. Endites distally excavated, anteromedian tip unmodified, posteromedian part unmodified, same as sternum in sclerotization, anteriorly deeply depressed, with transverse ridge, apex with modified setae. ABDOMEN: cylindrical, without long posterior extension, rounded posteriorly, inter-scutal membrane rows of small sclerotized platelets absent posteriorly; dorsum soft portions white, without color pattern. Book lung covers large, ovoid, without setae, anterolateral edge unmodified. Posterior spiracles connected by groove. Pedicel tube medium, ribbed, scuto-pedicel region with widely oval scutal ridge, scutum extending far dorsal of pedicel, plumose hairs absent, matted setae on anterior ventral abdomen in pedicel area absent, cuticular outgrowths near pedicel absent, presence on two small circumflex ridge anterior to the booklung cover. Dorsal scutum strongly sclerotized, pale orange, without color pattern, covering full length of abdomen, no soft tissue visible from above, not fused to epigastric scutum, middle surface finely reticulate, sides finely reticulate, anterior half without projecting denticles. Epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, surrounding pedicel, not protruding, small lateral sclerites absent. Postepigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, pale orange, long, semicircular, covering nearly full length of abdominal length, fused to epigastric scutum, anterior margin unmodified, without posteriorly directed lateral apodemes, lateral side of postepigastric scutum finely reticulate. Spinneret scutum present, incomplete ring. Supra-anal scutum absent. Dorsum setae present, dark, needle-like. Epigastric area setae uniform, dark, needle-like. Postepigastric area setae present, dark, needle-like. Spinneret scutum with fringe of needle-like setae. Dense patch of setae anterior to spinnerets absent. Interscutal membrane with setae. Colulus represented only by setae. Spinnerets: ALS: one spigot (seen under SEM); PMS: present as a single median projection with setae but no spigot (seen under SEM); PLS: one spigot (seen under SEM). LEGS: pale orange, without color pattern; femur IV not thickened, same size as femora I-III, patella plus tibia I shorter than carapace, tibia IV specialized hairs on ventral apex absent, tibia IV ventral scopula absent, metatarsi III and IV weak ventral scopula absent. Leg spines absent. Trichobothria examined with Stereo microscope; tibia: each with three; metatarsus: each with one. GENITALIA: Epigastric region with sperm pore large, circular, situated at level of anterior spiracles; furrow without omega-shaped insertions, without setae. Palp normal size, not strongly sclerotized, right and left palps symmetrical, proximal segments pale orange; embolus dark, prolateral excavation absent; trochanter normal size, unmodified; femur normal size, two or more times as long as trochanter, without posteriorly rounded lateral dilation, attaching to patella basally; patella shorter than femur, not enlarged, without prolateral row of ridges, setae unmodified; tibia trichobothria with 3 trichobothria; cymbium pale orange, ovoid in dorsal view, completely fused with bulb, no seam visible, extending beyond distal tip of bulb, plumose setae absent, without stout setae, with distal patch of setae; bulb yellow, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, stout, tapering apically, prolateral surface with stridulatory file.
Escaphiella litoris, male gonopore (male genital area), ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormpgonv03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male habitus, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormphaba03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male habitus, dorsal view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormphabd03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male habitus, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormphabl03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male habitus, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormphabv03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male palp, dorsal view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormppald03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male palp, prolateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormppalp03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male palp, retrolateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormppalr03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male palp, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03031)

Escaplitormppalv03031ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male abdomen, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormpabdl02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male booklung covers, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormpbocl02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male carapace, dorsal view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormpcard02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male carapace, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormpcarl02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male pedicel, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormppeda02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male sternum, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitormpstev02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male chelicerae, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26811)

Escaplitormschea26811ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male chelicerae, posterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26811)

Escaplitormschet26811ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male chelicerae, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26811)

Escaplitormschev26811ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male PMS, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26811)

Escaplitormspmsa26811ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, male spinnerets, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26811)

Escaplitormsspia26811ND.tif


            Female (PBI_OON_0003028). Total length 1.75. As in male except as noted. CEPHALOTHORAX: Sternum sternum furrow finely reticulate. Mouthparts: Chelicerae paturon with anterolateral keel and one large plumose seta on anterior and posterior face at middle of fang base (seen under microscope). Female palp claws absent; spines absent; tarsus unmodified, patella without prolateral row of ridges, prolateral surface of palpal femur with stridulatory file, palpal tarsus with distal setae forming a distal patch of setae; trichobothria tibia with three dorsal trichobothria. ABDOMEN: Pedicel scuto-pedicel region unmodified. Dorsal scutum absent. Epigastric scutum without lateral joints. Postepigastric scutum lateral side of ventral scuta finely reticulate. Spinnerets: ALS: one spigot (seen under microscope); PMS: present as a single median projection with setae but no spigot (seen under microscope); PLS: one spigot (seen under microscope). LEGS: Leg spines absent. Trichobothria examined with Stereo microscope.
Escaphiella litoris, female carapace, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03028)

Escaplitorfpcarl03028ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female epigynum, epigynal area, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03028)

Escaplitorfpepiv03028ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female habitus, dorsal view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03028)

Escaplitorfphabd03028ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female habitus, lateral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03028)

Escaplitorfphabl03028ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female habitus, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---03028)

Escaplitorfphabv03028ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female carapace, dorsal view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitorfpcard02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female sternum, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---02625)

Escaplitorfpstev02625ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female epigynum, epigynal area, ventral view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26812)

Escaplitorfsepiv26812ND.tif

Escaphiella litoris, female spinnerets, anterior view (image by ND, specimen ID: ---26812)

Escaplitorfsspia26812ND.tif

 

DISTRIBUTION

MEXICO ; USA
Escaphiella litoris coordinates
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MATERIAL EXAMINED
Order by:    
PBI USI Country State Division Locality Sex Type Status Elevation(m) GPS Coordinate Habitat Collection_Date Collector Inst. Code
  MEXICO  Baja California  None or Unknown  Angeles Bay, Palm Wells  1 Adult sex unknown  Paratype    28.97319; -113.54899    05 May 1921  none  MCZ 
PBI_OON 00002625  MEXICO  Baja California Norte  None or Unknown  13.2 mi S El Rosario on Rt.1  2 Adult Female      30.03885; -115.54886    29 Nov 1962  P. Craig, D. Dailey  CAS 
PBI_OON 00002625  MEXICO  Baja California Norte  None or Unknown  13.2 mi S El Rosario on Rt.1  1 Adult Male      30.03885; -115.54886    29 Nov 1962  P. Craig, D. Dailey  CAS 
PBI_OON 00001051  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  Mulegé Municipality  Sierra del Placer, 21 km to junction Bahia Tortugas and Bahia Asuncion, 98 km E of Vizcaino towards Bahia Tortugas  2 Adult Male    262  27.48213; -114.28488  sand dunes and rcoky slopes  28 Jun 2008  H. Montano, E. Gonzalez  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00029752  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Punta Calamajue  1 Adult Female    5  29.68531; -114.16290  sand dunes and rcoky slopes  01 Jul 2008  H. Montano, E. Gonzalez  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026598  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  8 mi S Loreto, Base of La Giganta  1 Adult Male      25.90046; -111.35000  sand dunes and rcoky slopes  27 Jan 1965  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00003017  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  6 mi W San Jose del Cabo  1 Juvenile sex unknown      23.04997; -109.77809  under granite rock  08 Jan 1982  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00002657  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Valle Perdito, 2 mi N Reserva Gate  1 Adult Female    503  23.36361; -110.02000  under palm  16 Jul 1999  R. Aalbu  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00002652  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  2.2 mi NW Rancho Caracol  1 Adult Female    500  27.57750; -113.33333  at night  11 Jul 1999  R. Aalbu, K. Brown, F. Piñero  CAS 
PBI_OON 00003028  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  San Ignacio  1 Adult Female      27.29886; -112.89271  palm grove, Under rock  11 Mar 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00026806  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  17 mi N San Jose del Cabo  1 Adult Female      23.30405; -109.68889  palm grove, Under rock  09 Feb 1966  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026810  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Mulege  1 Adult Female      26.88333; -111.98333  palm grove, Under rock  26 Jan 1965  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00003015  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  San Ignacio  1 Adult Male      27.29886; -112.89271  decaying palm thatch  11 Mar 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00000263  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Puerto Escondido  1 Adult Male  Holotype    25.81274; -111.31728  decaying palm thatch  29 May 1921  J. Chamberlin  CAS 
PBI_OON 00003017  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  6 mi W San Jose del Cabo  1 Adult Male      23.04997; -109.77809  thorn forest, under granite rock  08 Jan 1982  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00003029  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Agua Verde, ca. 40 air mi SE Loreto  1 Juvenile sex unknown      25.49016; -111.17161  Under rock  08 Mar 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00027315  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  San Ignacio  1 Adult Female      27.29886; -112.89271  palm grove, Under rock  24 Feb 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00026805  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Arroyo Hondo, 17 mi N Todos Santos  1 Adult Female      23.68460; -110.21794  palm grove, Under rock  04 Feb 1966  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026809  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  San Jose de Comondu canyon, near 26 N, 112 W  1 Adult Female      26.00000; -112.00000  palm grove, Under rock  15 Feb 1966  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00003018  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  La Paz  1 Adult Male      24.13860; -110.31722  palm grove, Under rock  08 Sept 1963  P., B. Wygodzinsky  CDU 
PBI_OON 00003014  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Juncalito, 13.4 mi S Loreto  1 Juvenile sex unknown      25.84090; -111.33518  palm grove, Under rock  26 Feb 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00003029  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Agua Verde, ca. 40 air mi SE Loreto  1 Adult Male      25.49016; -111.17161  Under rock  08 Mar 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00002626  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Puerto Escondido  1 Adult Female      25.81274; -111.31728  Under rock  29 May 1921  J. Chamberlin  CAS 
PBI_OON 00002651  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  26 mi S Loreto  1 Adult Female      25.94848; -111.31217  Under rock  01 Jan 1977  C. Griswold, L. Vincent  CAS 
PBI_OON 00026808  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  La Paz  1 Adult Male      24.13860; -110.31722  Under rock  01 Feb 1965  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026811  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  near La Paz  1 Adult Female      24.13860; -110.31722  Under rock  01 Jul 1990  T. Jackson  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00002624  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Isla San Marcos  1 Adult Female  Paratype    27.21948; -112.06694  palm oasis, Under rock  12 May 1921  R. Chamberlin  CAS 
PBI_OON 00003014  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Juncalito, 13.4 mi S Loreto  1 Adult Female      25.84090; -111.33518  thorn forest  26 Feb 1987  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00003031  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Santispac, Bahia Concepcion  1 Adult Male      26.75394; -111.89356  under volcanic rock  01 Jan 1982  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00002657  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Valle Perdito, 2 mi N Reserva Gate  1 Juvenile sex unknown    503  23.36361; -110.02000  under volcanic rock  16 Jul 1999  R. Aalbu  CDU 
PBI_OON 00003016  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Chuenque, 13.4 mi S Loreto  1 Adult Female      25.81587; -111.33631  thorn forest, Under rock  13 Jan 1982  D. Ubick  CDU 
PBI_OON 00002654  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Isla Danzante  1 Adult Female      25.75888; -111.25777  thorn forest, Under rock  13 Jul 1999  R. Aalbu, K. Brown, I. Stahl, F. Piñero  CAS 
PBI_OON 00026807  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  Santa Rosalia  1 Adult Female      27.33620; -112.27015  thorn forest, Under rock  19 Feb 1966  V. Roth  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026811  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  near La Paz  1 Adult Male      24.13860; -110.31722  thorn forest, Under rock  01 Jul 1990  T. Jackson  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026814  MEXICO  Baja California Sur  None or Unknown  San Jose del Cabo  1 Adult Female      23.05872; -109.69737  thorn forest, Under rock    unknown  USNM 
PBI_OON 00026813  USA  California  San Diego  Borrego Campground  1 Adult Female      33.22111; -116.33333  Under rock  01 Nov 1959  D. Merkel  AMNH 
PBI_OON 00026812  USA  California  San Diego  Mountain Springs, near Desert View Tower  3 Adult Female      33.04364; -117.04246  Under rock  29 Mar 1960  W. Gertsch, W. Ivie, R. Schrammel  AMNH 


 
 
 
 
The American Museum of Natural History, New York, in collaboration with
The California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco   The University of California, Berkeley
The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago   George Washington University, Washington DC
 
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